Tuilleadh eolais ― Gaeilge

Is coinníoll é Erythema multiforme (EM) ina mbíonn spotaí spréach (target lesions) cosúil le sprice ar an gcraiceann agus ar na áiteanna mucosa (mucosal sites) de bharr imdhíonachta (immune‑mediated). Cé gur minic a spreagann ionfhabhtuithe víreasacha iad, go háirithe víreas herpes simplex (HSV), nó cógais áirithe, tá an chúis fós anaithnid i go leor cásanna. Díríonn cóireáil EM ar na hairíonna a mhaolú trí úsáid a bhaint as uachtair ina bhfuil stéaróidí nó frithhistamí (antihistamines). Is éifeachtúlacht EM athfhillteach a bhainistiú nuair a chuirtear i oiriúint do gach othar é. Baineann cur chuige tosaigh le cóireálacha béil agus tráchtúla araon. Ina measc seo tá corticosteroids agus cógais antiviral (antiviral drugs). Is éard atá i cóireálacha tráchtúla uachtair láidre stéaróidí agus réitigh le haghaidh áiteanna mucosa (mucosal sites) a bhfuil tionchar orthu. Maidir le hothair nach bhfreagraíonn d’frithvíris (antiviral), áirítear ar na roghanna dara líne drugaí a shochtann imdhíonachta, antibheathaithe (antibiotics), anthelmintics, agus antimalarials.
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated condition that classically presents with discrete targetoid lesions and can involve both mucosal and cutaneous sites. While EM is typically preceded by viral infections, most notably herpes simplex virus (HSV), and certain medications, a large portion of cases are due to an unidentifiable cause. Treatment for acute EM is focused on relieving symptoms with topical steroids or antihistamines. Treatment for recurrent EM is most successful when tailored to individual patients. First line treatment for recurrent EM includes both systemic and topical therapies. Systemic therapies include corticosteroid therapy and antiviral prophylaxis. Topical therapies include high-potency corticosteroids, and antiseptic or anesthetic solutions for mucosal involvement. Second-line therapies for patients who do not respond to antiviral medications include immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, anthelmintics, and antimalarials

I ngach cás, imíonn erythema multiforme éadrom leis féin laistigh de 2 go 4 seachtaine. Is féidir le siondróm Stevens‑Johnson, riocht tromchúiseach a bhaintear le na mucosaí, mairfidh suas le 6 seachtaine. De ghnáth ní mholtar stéaróidí i gcásanna éadroma. Tá sé neamhchinnte cé acu ba chóir stéaróidí a úsáid le haghaidh erythema multiforme dian, ós rud é nach bhfuil torthaí soiléire ó staidéir randamacha a léiríonn cé na leanaí a bhainfeadh leas as an gcóireáil seo.
In most cases, mild erythema multiforme is self-limited and resolves in 2 to 4 weeks. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a serious disease that involves the mucous membranes and lasts up to 6 weeks. There is no indication for using steroids for the mild form. Use of steroids for erythema multiforme major is debatable because no randomized studies clearly indicate which children will benefit from this treatment.

Cuirimid cás de erythema multiforme (EM) ó bhéal i láthair de bharr TMP/SMX, rud a léiríonn othrais béil agus liopaí tipiciúil gan aon léim craicinn. Leagann sé seo béim ar an ngá atá le idirdhealú a dhéanamh idir é agus neamhoird othrasúla béil eile. Fuair an t-othar cóireáil shiomptómach agus táibléad prednisolone, rud a d'fhàg feabhsú tar éis stad a chur ar an teiripe TMP/SMX.
We report a case of oral erythema multiforme (EM) secondary to TMP/SMX that presented with oral and lip ulcerations typical of EM without any skin lesions and highlights the importance of distinguishing them from other ulcerative disorders involving oral cavity. The patient was treated symptomatically and given tablet prednisolone. The condition improved with stoppage of TMP/SMX therapy.

Is é Erythema multiforme a bhaineann leis an gcraiceann agus uaireanta an mhúcóis, arna spreagadh ag an gcóras imdhíonachta. Go hiondúil, léirítear é mar loiteanna ar nós sprice, a d’fhéadfadh a bheith scoite amach, athfhillteach nó seasúint. Is gnách go mbíonn tionchar siméadrach ag na loiteanna seo ar na foircinn, go háirithe ar a ndromchlaí seachtracha. I measc na príomhchúiseanna tá ionfhabhtuithe cosúil le víreas herpes simplex agus Mycoplasma pneumoniae, chomh maith le cógais áirithe, imdhíonadh, agus galair uath‑imdhíonachta. Braitheann idirdhealú Erythema multiforme ó urticáir ar fhad na loiteanna; fanann loiteanna Erythema multiforme socraithe ar feadh seacht lá ar a laghad, agus is minic go n‑imíonn loiteanna urticáireacha laistigh de lá amháin. Cé go bhfuil sé cosúil leis, tá sé ríthábhachtach idirdhealú a dhéanamh idir Erythema multiforme agus Stevens‑Johnson syndrome, a chuireann macúl erythematous nó purpuric go forleathan i láthair le blisters. Is éard atá i gceist le bainistiú Erythema multiforme ná faoiseamh siomptóim trí úsáid a bhaint as stéaróidí tráthúla nó frithhistamíní agus tugtar aghaidh ar an mbunchúis. I gcás cásanna athfhillteacha a bhaineann le víreas herpes simplex, moltar teirip próifíolais antiviral. D’fhéadfadh go mbeadh gá le hospadáil le haghaidh sreabhán iontrálach agus athsholáthar leictrílít mar gheall ar dhian‑bhaint le mucosal.
Erythema multiforme is a reaction involving the skin and sometimes the mucosa, triggered by the immune system. Typically, it manifests as target-like lesions, which may appear isolated, recur, or persist. These lesions usually symmetrically affect the extremities, particularly their outer surfaces. The main causes include infections like herpes simplex virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as certain medications, immunizations, and autoimmune diseases. Distinguishing erythema multiforme from urticaria relies on the duration of lesions; erythema multiforme lesions remain fixed for at least seven days, while urticarial lesions often vanish within a day. Although similar, it's crucial to differentiate erythema multiforme from the more severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which typically presents widespread erythematous or purpuric macules with blisters. Managing erythema multiforme involves symptomatic relief with topical steroids or antihistamines and addressing the underlying cause. For recurrent cases associated with herpes simplex virus, prophylactic antiviral therapy is recommended. Severe mucosal involvement may necessitate hospitalization for intravenous fluids and electrolyte replacement.